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Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar (; born 24 April 1973) is a former Indian cricketer and captain, widely regarded to be the greatest cricketer of all time.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/cricket/24921333 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Asia-South-Central/2013/1118/Sachin-Tendulkar-the-most-popular-athlete-you-ve-never-heard-of-video )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/cricket/international/10369214/Is-Sachin-Tendulkar-the-greatest-batsman-of-all-time.html )〕〔Alex Brown (11 October 2013). ("Cricket's greatest batsmen: Sachin Tendulkar v Don Bradman." ) News.com.au〕 He took up cricket at the age of eleven, made his Test debut on 15 November 1989 against Pakistan in Karachi at the age of sixteen, and went on to represent Mumbai domestically and India internationally for close to twenty-four years. He is the only player to have scored one hundred international centuries, the first batsman to score a double century in a One Day International, holds the record for most number of runs in both ODI and Test cricket, the only player to complete more than 30,000 runs in international cricket.〔 In 2002 just half way through his career, ''Wisden Cricketers' Almanack'' ranked him the second greatest Test batsman of all time, behind Don Bradman, and the second greatest ODI batsman of all time, behind Viv Richards.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tendulkar second-best ever: Wisden )〕 Later in his career, Tendulkar was a part of the Indian team that won the 2011 World Cup, his first win in six World Cup appearances for India. He had previously been named "Player of the Tournament" at the 2003 edition of the tournament, held in South Africa. In 2013, he was the only Indian cricketer included in an all-time Test World XI named to mark the 150th anniversary of ''Wisden Cricketers' Almanack''. Tendulkar received the Arjuna Award in 1994 for his outstanding sporting achievement, the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award in 1997, India's highest sporting honour, and the Padma Shri and Padma Vibhushan awards in 1999 and 2008, respectively, India's fourth and second highest civilian awards. After a few hours of his final match on 16 November 2013, the Prime Minister's Office announced the decision to award him the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award. He is the youngest recipient to date and the first ever sportsperson to receive the award.〔〔 He also won the 2010 Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy for cricketer of the year at the ICC awards.〔 In 2012, Tendulkar was nominated to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India.〔 He was also the first sportsperson and the first person without an aviation background to be awarded the honorary rank of group captain by the Indian Air Force.〔 In 2012, he was named an Honorary Member of the Order of Australia.〔〔 In December 2012, Tendulkar announced his retirement from ODIs.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= Tendulkar announces limited-overs retirement )〕 He retired from Twenty20 cricket in October 2013 and subsequently announced his retirement from all forms of cricket,〔〔 retiring on 16 November 2013 after playing his 200th and final Test match, against the West Indies in Mumbai's Wankhede Stadium.〔 Tendulkar played 664 international cricket matches in total, scoring 34,357 runs.〔 ==Early years== Tendulkar was born at Nirmal Nursing Home in Dadar, Mumbai on 24 April 1973 in a Maharashtrian family.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.indiatvnews.com/photos/rare-pics-of-sachin-tendulkar-1760.1744.html#/2 )〕 His father, Ramesh Tendulkar, was a well-known Marathi novelist and his mother, Rajni, worked in the insurance industry. Ramesh named Tendulkar after his favourite music director, Sachin Dev Burman. Tendulkar has three elder siblings: two half-brothers Nitin and Ajit, and a half-sister Savita. They were Ramesh's children from his first marriage.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sachin Tendulkar )〕 He spent his formative years in the ''Sahitya Sahawas Cooperative Housing Society'' in Bandra (East). As a young boy, Tendulkar was considered a bully, and often picked up fights with new children in his school. He also showed an interest in tennis, idolising John McEnroe. To help curb his mischievous and bullying tendencies, Ajit introduced him to cricket in 1984. He introduced the young Sachin to Ramakant Achrekar, a famous cricket coach and a club cricketer of repute, at Shivaji Park, Dadar. In the first meeting, the young Sachin did not play his best. Ajit told Achrekar that he was feeling self-conscious due to the coach observing him, and was not displaying his natural game. Ajit requested the coach to give him another chance at playing, but watch while hiding behind a tree. This time, Sachin, apparently unobserved, played much better and was accepted at Achrekar's academy. Ajit is ten years elder and is credited by Sachin for playing a pivotal role in his life. Achrekar was impressed with Tendulkar's talent and advised him to shift his schooling to Sharadashram Vidyamandir (English) High School,〔 a school at Dadar which had a dominant cricket team and had produced many notable cricketers.〔 Prior to this, Tendulkar had attended the Indian Education Society's New English School in Bandra (East).〔 He was also coached under the guidance of Achrekar at Shivaji Park in the mornings and evenings. Tendulkar would practice for hours on end in the nets. If he became exhausted, Achrekar would put a one-rupee coin on the top of the stumps, and the bowler who dismissed Tendulkar would get the coin. If Tendulkar passed the whole session without getting dismissed, the coach would give him the coin. Tendulkar now considers the 13 coins he won then as some of his most prized possessions. He moved in with his aunt and uncle, who lived near Shivaji Park, during this period, due to his hectic schedule. Meanwhile, at school, he developed a reputation as a child prodigy. He had become a common conversation point in local cricketing circles, where there were suggestions already that he would become one of the greats. Sachin consistently featured in his school Shardashram Vidyamandir (English) team in the Matunga Gujarati Seva Mandal (popularly coined MGSM) Shield. Besides school cricket, he also played club cricket, initially representing John Bright Cricket Club in Mumbai's premier club cricket tournament, the Kanga League,〔 and later went on to play for the Cricket Club of India. In 1987, at the age of 14, he attended the MRF Pace Foundation in Madras (now Chennai) to train as a fast bowler, but Australian fast bowler Dennis Lillee, who took a world record 355 Test wickets, was unimpressed, suggesting that Tendulkar focus on his batting instead.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Tendulkar's interview with BBC )〕 On 20 January 1987, he also turned out as substitute for Imran Khan's side in an exhibition game at Brabourne Stadium in Mumbai, to mark the golden jubilee of Cricket Club of India. A couple of months later, former Indian batsman Sunil Gavaskar gave him a pair of his own ultra light pads and consoled him to not get disheartened for not getting the Mumbai Cricket Association's "Best junior cricket award" (He was 14 years that time). "It was the greatest source of encouragement for me," Tendulkar said nearly 20 years later after surpassing Gavaskar's world record of 34 Test centuries.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Sachin Tendulkar and Sunil Gavaskar: Two masters and the amazing chemistry between the two )〕 Sachin served as a ball boy in the 1987 Cricket World Cup when India played against England in the semifinal in Mumbai. In his season in 1988, Tendulkar scored a century in every innings he played. He was involved in an unbroken 664-run partnership in a Lord Harris Shield inter-school game against St. Xavier's High School in 1988 with his friend and team-mate Vinod Kambli, who would also go on to represent India. The destructive pair reduced one bowler to tears and made the rest of the opposition unwilling to continue the game. Tendulkar scored 326 (not out) in this innings and scored over a thousand runs in the tournament. This was a record partnership in any form of cricket until 2006, when it was broken by two under-13 batsmen in a match held at Hyderabad in India. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sachin Tendulkar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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